Moroccan Nationality • Treaty Law • ICJ Case Law • Citizen vs. Subject • Moorish Consular Court

I. Steps to Moroccan Nationality

1. Recognize Descent

Understand that you descend from naturalized Moorish subjects who fell under the jurisdiction of European powers during the protectorate era.

2. Declare Moorish Subject Status

Affirm your status as a Moorish Subject under Article 15 of the 1880 Madrid Convention, which governs naturalization and return to Morocco.

3. Pledge Allegiance

Pledge allegiance to the Constitution of the Empire of Morocco and reclaim nationality through the Wazir Regional Council (WRC).

II. Foundational Treaties of Moorish–American Relations

A. Treaty of Peace & Friendship (1786)

Signed June 28, 1786 — the oldest unbroken treaty in U.S. history.

Article 6 — Protection Clause

If a Moor brings an American citizen or property to the Sultan:

• The citizen is immediately freed

• Property is restored

• Americans captured by non‑Moroccan Moors are also released under the Sultan’s protection

B. Madrid Convention (1880) — Article 15

Key Rule

A Moroccan subject naturalized abroad who returns to Morocco must:

• Choose full submission to Moroccan law, or

• Leave Morocco, unless naturalization was approved by Morocco

This article is the legal basis for modern Moorish nationality claims.

C. Morocco’s First Recognition of the United States (1777)

December 20, 1777

Sultan Sidi Mohammed ben Abdallah became the first head of state in the world to recognize U.S. independence.

He ordered Moroccan ports to open to American ships under equal terms with European nations.

D. Franco‑American Treaty of Alliance (1778)

France formally recognized the U.S. and entered a military alliance after the American victory at Saratoga.

III. International Court of Justice (ICJ) — France v. USA (1952)

Page 188 — Morocco Under the Protectorate

• Morocco remained a sovereign State

• France exercised certain powers in the name of Morocco

• France was bound by all prior Moroccan treaties unless suspended

Page 202 — No “Right of Assent” for the U.S.

• U.S. consular courts applied their own law, not Moroccan law

• Moroccan laws only applied if the U.S. adopted them through its own decrees

• Custom or usage cannot create extended consular jurisdiction

IV. Citizen vs. Subject — Core Distinction

A. Citizen

• Holds inherent rights

• Participates in governance

• Rights come from law and consent

B. Subject

• Owes allegiance to a ruler

• Rights exist only if granted

• Authority flows downward from sovereign

C. Philosophical Foundations

• John Locke — governments exist by consent

• Rousseau — social contract creates collective sovereignty

• American Revolution — shift from subject → citizen

• Fourteenth Amendment — birthright citizenship

V. How Rights Differ

Citizens

• Constitutional protections

• Voting, jury service, office‑holding

• Rights cannot be revoked by leaders

Subjects

• Rights depend on monarch

• No political participation

• Power changes by succession, not election

VI. How Citizenship Is Acquired

1. Jus Soli — Right of birthplace

2. Jus Sanguinis — Right of blood

3. Naturalization — Legal process requiring oath

Oath requires renouncing allegiance to any foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty.

VII. Subject Status Historically

• Acquired by birth under a sovereign

• No naturalization process

• Allegiance assumed, not chosen

VIII. The Royal Flush of Moorish Treaties

A structured hierarchy of Moroccan treaty authority:

IX. Moorish Consular Court

A. Statute & Rules

The Moorish Consular Court (MCC) derives authority from:

• Moroccan treaties

• Consular jurisdiction traditions

• Modern constitutional recognition (2024)

B. Purpose

• Protect Moorish nationals

• Enforce treaty rights

• Provide international legal remedies

X. Act of Algeciras (1906)

Triple Principle

1. Sovereignty of the Sultan

2. Integrity of Moroccan domains

3. Economic liberty without inequality

Contents

1. Police organization

2. Arms contraband regulation

3. Moroccan State Bank

4. Tax reforms

5. Customs & anti‑fraud rules

6. Public services & works

7. General provisions

XI. Key Takeaways

• Moroccan nationality claims rely on Madrid Convention Article 15.

• The 1786 treaty remains the oldest U.S. treaty still in force.

• Morocco recognized the U.S. before France, Spain, or Britain.

• ICJ case law confirms Morocco’s sovereignty even under the protectorate.

• Citizenship vs. subject status defines political rights and legal identity.

• The Moorish Consular Court is grounded in centuries of treaty law.

• The Act of Algeciras established modern Moroccan administrative reforms.