Minister of Foreign Affairs (Moroccan Only) Chapters & Articles Relating to the Minister of Foreign
Affairs
Minister of Foreign Affairs: Take away
● The constitution centralizes foreign affairs authority in the Sultan, but operationally, the
Minister of Foreign Affairs would execute these powers.
● Core functions include treaty negotiation, diplomatic accreditation, international
representation, and coordination with domestic legislative bodies.
● The Minister’s role is both policy‑shaping (negotiations, agreements) and
policy‑implementing (ensuring compliance, managing diplomatic missions).
Chapter II – The Sultan and the Crown
1. Article 16 – Accreditation of Ambassadors
○ Phrased: The Sultan accredits ambassadors and envoys to foreign powers;
foreign ambassadors are accredited to him.
○ Role/Function: Minister of Foreign Affairs manages the diplomatic protocol,
prepares credentials, and ensures smooth bilateral representation.
Chapter VI – International Relations and Treaties
2. Article 60 – Negotiation of Treaties
○ Phrased: The Sultan and his assigns negotiate treaties; reservations from the
House or Government may be accepted; internal State Governments must
recognize Empire treaties.
○ Role/Function: Minister leads negotiations, coordinates with domestic bodies,
and ensures internal adoption.
3. Article 61 – Ratification of Major Treaties
○ Phrased: Peace treaties, trade agreements, and other significant international
agreements require House approval before taking effect.
○ Role/Function: Minister prepares agreements, briefs the House, and manages
ratification.
4. Article 62 – Asylum and Human Rights Agreements
○ Phrased: The Empire may enter agreements on asylum and human rights;
authorities may grant asylum to persecuted foreigners.
○ Role/Function: Minister negotiates such agreements and oversees
implementation with justice and immigration authorities.
5. Article 63 – Recognition of International Jurisdictions
○ Phrased: The Empire recognizes the jurisdiction of the Consular Court,
International Court of Justice, and International Criminal Court.
○ Role/Function: Minister represents the Empire in these forums and manages
compliance.
6. Article 64 – Constitutional Review of International Agreements
○ Phrased: If an agreement is unconstitutional, it can only be ratified after
amending the Constitution.
○ Role/Function: Minister works with legal bodies to adjust agreements or support
amendments.
7. Article 65 – Supremacy of Ratified Treaties
○ Phrased: Ratified treaties override Acts of the House and bind all courts.
○ Role/Function: Minister ensures domestic law aligns with treaty obligations.
Chapter VII – Foreign Organizations and Membership
8. Article 100 – Participation in International Organizations
○ Phrased: The Empire may join foreign organizations and unions; it governs and
participates in the WRC Convention.
○ Role/Function: Minister coordinates membership, representation, and policy
positions.
9. Article 101 – Recognition of the United States’ Status in Morocco
○ Phrased: Defines the legal recognition of the United States and its internal states
in relation to Morocco.
○ Role/Function: Minister manages the diplomatic relationship under these
definitions.
10. Article 102 – Foreign Organization Legislative Proposals
○ Phrased: Government must present foreign organization proposals to the House;
a House committee handles foreign affairs.
○ Role/Function: Minister liaises between the foreign body, Government, and
House, and prepares legislative responses.
11. Article 104 – Accession of States to the Empire
○ Phrased: Treaties for a State to join the Empire require a referendum or House
approval.
○ Role/Function: Minister negotiates accession terms and manages the diplomatic
process.
TL;DR
● Chapter II covers the Sultan’s formal diplomatic powers — the Minister executes them.
● Chapter VI is the core treaty and international law framework — the Minister is the lead
negotiator and compliance officer.
● Chapter VII governs foreign organizations and state accessions — the Minister is the
coordinator and representative.
Minister of Foreign Affairs Constitutional
Mandate
(Empire of Morocco Constitution – Consolidated Provisions)
Chapter II – The Sultan and the Crown
Article 16 – Accreditation of Ambassadors
● Summary: The Sultan accredits ambassadors and envoys to foreign powers; foreign
ambassadors are accredited to him.
● Role/Function: The Minister of Foreign Affairs manages the diplomatic protocol,
prepares credentials, and ensures smooth bilateral representation.
Chapter VI – International Relations and Treaties
Article 60 – Negotiation of Treaties
● Summary: The Sultan and his assigns negotiate treaties; reservations from the House
or Government may be accepted; internal State Governments must recognize Empire
treaties.
● Role/Function: The Minister leads negotiations, coordinates with domestic bodies, and
ensures internal adoption.
Article 61 – Ratification of Major Treaties
● Summary: Peace treaties, trade agreements, and other significant international
agreements require House approval before taking effect.
● Role/Function: The Minister prepares agreements, briefs the House, and manages
ratification.
Article 62 – Asylum and Human Rights Agreements
● Summary: The Empire may enter agreements on asylum and human rights; authorities
may grant asylum to persecuted foreigners.
● Role/Function: The Minister negotiates such agreements and oversees implementation
with justice and immigration authorities.
Article 63 – Recognition of International Jurisdictions
● Summary: The Empire recognizes the jurisdiction of the Consular Court, International
Court of Justice, and International Criminal Court.
● Role/Function: The Minister represents the Empire in these forums and manages
compliance.
Article 64 – Constitutional Review of International Agreements
● Summary: If an agreement is unconstitutional, it can only be ratified after amending the
Constitution.
● Role/Function: The Minister works with legal bodies to adjust agreements or support
amendments.
Article 65 – Supremacy of Ratified Treaties
● Summary: Ratified treaties override Acts of the House and bind all courts.
● Role/Function: The Minister ensures domestic law aligns with treaty obligations.
Chapter VII – Foreign Organizations and Membership
Article 100 – Participation in International Organizations
● Summary: The Empire may join foreign organizations and unions; it governs and
participates in the WRC Convention.
● Role/Function: The Minister coordinates membership, representation, and policy
positions.
Article 101 – Recognition of the United States’ Status in Morocco
● Summary: Defines the legal recognition of the United States and its internal states in
relation to Morocco.
● Role/Function: The Minister manages the diplomatic relationship under these
definitions.
Article 102 – Foreign Organization Legislative Proposals
● Summary: The Government must present foreign organization proposals to the House;
a House committee handles foreign affairs.
● Role/Function: The Minister liaises between the foreign body, Government, and House,
and prepares legislative responses.
Article 104 – Accession of States to the Empire
● Summary: Treaties for a State to join the Empire require a referendum or House
approval.
● Role/Function: The Minister negotiates accession terms and manages the diplomatic
process.
TL;DR – Core Mandate
The Minister of Foreign Affairs is the chief executor of the Sultan’s foreign policy powers —
responsible for treaty negotiation, diplomatic accreditation, international representation, and
coordination with domestic legislative bodies to ensure compliance with international
obligations.
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Practical
Duties & Procedures Guide
Chapter II – The Sultan and the Crown
Article 16 – Accreditation of Ambassadors
Role/Function: Manage diplomatic protocol, prepare credentials, and ensure smooth bilateral
representation. Operational Tasks:
● Draft ambassadorial credentials and letters of accreditation for the Sultan’s signature.
● Coordinate with foreign embassies to schedule accreditation ceremonies.
● Arrange ceremonial protocol, including reception, seating, and dress codes.
● Maintain a registry of accredited ambassadors and envoys.
● Provide training to protocol officers on ceremonial standards.
Chapter VI – International Relations and Treaties
Article 60 – Negotiation of Treaties
Role/Function: Lead negotiations, coordinate with domestic bodies, and ensure internal
adoption. Operational Tasks:
● Identify treaty priorities based on national interests and foreign policy strategy.
● Form negotiation teams with legal, economic, and policy experts.
● Schedule and conduct negotiation sessions with foreign counterparts.
● Draft treaty texts and circulate for internal review by relevant ministries.
● Coordinate with State Governments for legislative recognition and compliance.
Article 61 – Ratification of Major Treaties
Role/Function: Prepare agreements, brief the House, and manage ratification. Operational
Tasks:
● Prepare explanatory memoranda for the House outlining treaty benefits and obligations.
● Organize briefings for House committees on treaty content.
● Facilitate the formal submission of treaties for House approval.
● Track ratification timelines and ensure all procedural steps are met.
Article 62 – Asylum and Human Rights Agreements
Role/Function: Negotiate agreements and oversee implementation with justice and immigration
authorities. Operational Tasks:
● Draft proposals for asylum and human rights agreements.
● Coordinate with the Ministry of Justice and immigration services on implementation.
● Establish procedures for processing asylum applications under treaty obligations.
● Monitor compliance with human rights commitments.
Article 63 – Recognition of International Jurisdictions
Role/Function: Represent the Empire in international courts and manage compliance.
Operational Tasks:
● Appoint legal representatives to the ICJ, ICC, and other recognized courts.
● Prepare case briefs and evidence for international proceedings.
● Monitor rulings and coordinate domestic implementation of decisions.
● Maintain liaison with court registries and legal bodies.
Article 64 – Constitutional Review of International Agreements
Role/Function: Adjust agreements or support constitutional amendments when required.
Operational Tasks:
● Submit agreements to constitutional review bodies before ratification.
● Identify clauses requiring constitutional amendments.
● Coordinate with the Ministry of Justice on amendment drafting.
● Advise the Sultan and Government on legal adjustments.
Article 65 – Supremacy of Ratified Treaties
Role/Function: Ensure domestic law aligns with treaty obligations. Operational Tasks:
● Conduct legal audits to identify conflicts between domestic law and treaties.
● Propose legislative amendments to align with treaty commitments.
● Train government agencies on treaty obligations.
● Monitor ongoing compliance.
Chapter VII – Foreign Organizations and Membership
Article 100 – Participation in International Organizations
Role/Function: Coordinate membership, representation, and policy positions. Operational
Tasks:
● Maintain a list of all international organizations the Empire belongs to.
● Prepare policy briefs for participation in meetings and summits.
● Appoint and brief delegates.
● Monitor and report on organizational developments.
Article 101 – Recognition of the United States’ Status in Morocco
Role/Function: Manage the diplomatic relationship under defined legal recognition.
Operational Tasks:
● Maintain formal communication channels with U.S. diplomatic missions.
● Ensure compliance with recognition agreements.
● Coordinate bilateral meetings and joint initiatives.
Article 102 – Foreign Organization Legislative Proposals
Role/Function: Liaise between foreign bodies, Government, and House; prepare legislative
responses. Operational Tasks:
● Review proposals from foreign organizations for legislative impact.
● Draft position papers for Government consideration.
● Present proposals to the House Foreign Affairs Committee.
● Track legislative outcomes.
Article 104 – Accession of States to the Empire
Role/Function: Negotiate accession terms and manage the diplomatic process. Operational
Tasks:
● Initiate exploratory talks with prospective states.
● Draft accession treaties outlining rights and obligations.
● Organize referendums or House approval processes.
● Coordinate integration plans post-accession.
The Minister’s office is not just reactive — it must proactively scan for opportunities and
risks in foreign relations, ensuring that constitutional powers are exercised strategically, not just
procedurally.
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